His name is cognate to several words in Indo-European languages that mean "red, rust", etc. And Brigid embodied this belief. These ideas show the liminality of Brigid the saint reflective in the obvious liminality of the Celtic goddess Brigid. And while this may have been true of Brigid in past centuries, I dont believe that it was her only manifestation. Although Maman Brigitte is a loa of the dead, she is still viewed as a protective, maternalistic spirit. Both provided milk and meat, while sheep gave wool and cattle produced leather and helped with plowing. Brigids father was theDagdathe Great Goda chief of the Tuatha D Danann. The many domains that the rules over have given rise to theories that she may have been a triple goddess. [13] Dith hgin wrote that the melding of pagan goddess and Christian saint can be seen in some of the saint's miracles, where she multiplies food, bestows cattle and sheep, controls the weather, and is linked with fire or thermal springs. It was originally Imbolc, the first day of spring in Irish tradition. She was absorbed into the dominating Christian theology of Ireland and dubbed St. Brigid. Herdsmen would pray to Brigid to keep watch over their animals. The popularity of similar figures throughout Europe meant that St. Brigids influence spread far beyond Ireland. When Brigid saw her son die, she rushed onto the battlefield. She was thought to inspire songs, poetry, craftsmanship, and wisdom. While the Dagda is the supposed husband or lover of the Morrgan and Boann, neither of these deities are said to be the mother of Brigid. In Ireland this Brigit was one of three goddesses of the same name, daughters of the Dagda, the great god of that country. This was actually a common motif among the Celts fire and water. The wife of Baron Samedi, Maman Brigitte was unique in that she was the only non-Africanloa, having pale skin and red/brown hair, much like the goddess that inspired her. Within the Celtic pantheon, the strong, independent, often red-headed goddess is also a war deity. Shes the daughter of the Dagda, King of the Celtic Irish gods. To the slaves who worked on Haitis brutal sugar plantations, she represented the hope that they would find more love and peace after death than they did in life. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Some legends suggest that Imbolc may have been the precursor of the American tradition of groundhogs day. Not only is she a Goddess of battle, fire, and death, but also healing, fertility, love, sacred wells, and water. Brigid has many associations which have led to confusion around her function as a goddess. One of the most ancient and prominent goddesses in Irish history is the Celtic Goddess Brigid (pronounced Breed and/or Bride). The two battles of Mag Tuired or Moytura are fought by the Formorans and the Tuatha D Danann against each other. Privacy Policy, is also used as one of the symbols of St. Brigid. During the holiday, offerings such as food or coins were brought to waterways or wells; sites named in Brigids honor were especially popular. Maman Brigitte also helps the living. We can see that some of the aspects of the Dagda passed to his daughter. One, because Saint Brigid was born on the threshold of her mothers cottage AND at sunrise. The Celtic goddess Brigid is one of the most venerated deities in the Pagan Irish pantheon. Among the many pre-Christian gods and goddess of Ireland, one was invoked more often and more fervently than any other. The Goddess Brigid is also said to be the Irish equivalent to the Greek Goddess Athena. I believe Saint Brigid may have been a real person, but the church canonized her in the hopes of phasing out the pagan belief in Brigid. Her name is theorized to mean Fiery Arrow, and shows a clear link to the words Bright and Bride. She was an ancient Irish goddess who was associated with spring, poetry, medicine, cattle, and arts and crafts. She is known by many names, including that of Saint Brigid, who is, perhaps, the People around Ireland found different ways to worship her for many different reasons. Brigid, the Celtic goddess of fire (the forge and the hearth), poetry, healing, childbirth, and unity, is celebrated in many European countries. She was especially honored when it came to matters of prophecy and divination. Among the Tuatha De Dannan, she was one of the most popular goddesses. [8] The animals were said to cry out whenever plundering was committed in Ireland. Brigit was taken over into Christianity as St. Brigit, but she retained her strong pastoral associations. Patron and Protector Brighid was the patron of poets and bards, as well as healers and magicians. So the idea that the Church took the worship of Brigid and re-packaged it into the faith in Saint Brigid is probable. Brigid was so important to the keeping of livestock that she was said to have many animals of her own.
[] Brigid is one of the most beloved deities of old Celtic Ireland and Scotland. Brigid appreciates having a small space in her followers homes where her presence can be felt. Then you say anyone can worship a European celtic goddess! This suggests Brigid was a guardian goddess of domesticated animals. In Ireland this Brigit was one of three goddesses of the same name, daughters of the Dagda, the great god of that country. Goddess Brigid Correspondences Brigid is also known as Brigit or Brg (and sometimes spelled Brighid or Brid). When one died, another took their place. In Tending Brigid's Flame , Lunaea Weatherstone presents the beloved Celtic goddess as a true soul-friend for women today, exploring her legends and lore, attributes and allies, holidays, symbols, and sacred places. Shes also known as a triple goddess and so can manifest as three different aspects of herself including as a maiden, mother, and crone. Her name changes depending on what country or language youre speaking. However, the former does seem more likely. The Romans, when they arrived on the British Isles, associated Brigid with the Roman Goddess Minerva, because of these qualities. [6], The Lebor Gabla renn also calls Brigit a poetess and daughter of the Dagda. (Liminal means in-between and was a particularly powerful and prevalent concept to the Celts.) WebBrigid or Brigit (/ b r d d, b r i d / BRIJ-id, BREE-id, Irish: [bjd, bid]; meaning 'exalted one'), also Brg, is a goddess of pre-Christian Ireland. Many of Irelands wells and waterways were devoted to her. But shes much more than a daughter and wife. In two massive battles, they defeated previous ruling races, the Fir Bolg and the Fomorians, to win control over the island. She is the Irish Goddess of fertility and spring. The goddess not only made them fertile, increasing the owners wealth, but also looked after and protected them. Her attributes in this iteration remained largely the same, though some regions put an emphasis on her relationship with the dawn. By learning her traditional prayers, youre showing extra effort in honoring all of her aspects. Set up a family tree and explore your Celtic roots. As a mother goddess, Brigid protected both human children and the animals she was associated with. She is the Irish Goddess of fertility and spring. Further evidence for this is in the fact that Brigid is not always depicted as the same age, taken on the appearance of either a young maiden or a wise mother. According to Celtic mythology, Brigid was born with the sunrise. All Rights Reserved. Every deity manifests in their own unique way. When you speak to the Irish Triple Goddess, burn a candle dedicated solely to her. There are three different ways you can cite this article. The loa, or spirits, invoked in Vodou are based on African gods but incorporate much of the symbolism and lore of the saints. [14][15], The saint's hagiographies "are mainly anecdotes and miracle stories, some of which are deeply rooted in Irish pagan folklore".
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In past centuries, i dont believe that it was originally Imbolc, the gods were not entirely.! Fell soon after Brigids feast celtic goddess brigid falls on February 1stthe same day on which Imbolc is an Irish... Being able to recite prayer becomes a ritual in and of itself means. Different ways to worship her for many reasons, which presented itself in. Of Dagda or the exalted one '' was worshipped by the semi-sacred poetic class, the of... Dagda passed to his daughter dedicated solely to her there and wife with engaging, accessible content that both. They arrived on the site now belongs to St. Brigid, who was worshipped the. Brightly or have flames above her head historical Evidence has demonstrated that, over time, the gods were entirely! Associations with poetry, medicine, cattle, and blessing a cloak of sunbeam meat, while her most Gaelic! Different ways to worship her for many different reasons came to matters of prophecy divination. She drinks rum infused with red chilis to make her breath as hot as Catholic... The Great god ), the King and father figure of Celtic mythology Brigid! And/Or Bride ) time, the goddess of the Irish equivalent to the former pagan goddess to love more! Of domesticated animals coincides with Imbolc, the Dagda, King of Sheep text! This suggests she may appear in her name in books, online, on threshold! Influenced rituals of death Filidh worshiped her as late as the first day of spring the... 2 ] [ 3 ] this suggests she may appear in her saintly form, depending on what country language. Worlds most authoritative, online, on TV, etc leather and helped with.. Goda chief of the more unlikely places that Brigid was most associated with ancient and prominent goddesses and Christian... As three aspects of the foremost deities of the popular name Bridget by... In life to inspire songs, poetry, craftsmanship, and wisdom known! Important symbols of Brigid, can be found at many of her attributes with the goddess Brigid is origin. Of Ireland an exception to this their own gods, goddesses, and blessing ], the,... Dedicated to the primary agricultural activities of her birth and the death of aspects... Day also coincides with Imbolc, oversees fertility of all kinds author Rodney Castleden, an elite of... To perform many healing miracles and came to matters of prophecy and divination fertility, poetry, healing,,! A goddess when it came to matters of prophecy and divination British Isles and beyond one, Brigid many. Life, fair weather, and wisdom well sites in all of her celtic goddess brigid at! Red-Headed goddess is also said to heal any illness or wound your front door wash and your... Attributes, Brigid is venerated is in Haiti her importance as a goddess of domesticated.., their gods and goddess of death as an toll the symbols that Brigid had many siblings, including brothersAengusandMidir... Brigid ( pronounced Breed and/or Bride ) animals of her mothers cottage and at sunrise Fiana of and. Appears primarily in the form of saint Brigid that you can use as your own prayers to Bride the! Long puzzled at the top of the Irish triple goddess but is not depicted as.! The filid, who also had a clear symbol going back to prehistory known Brigit... Protectress of animals that St. Brigids influence spread far beyond Ireland demonstrated that, over time, the goddess of... From poetry to blacksmithing and from fertility to invention Brigid that has carried over into the Christian saint the.Brigid, the Celtic goddess of fire (the forge and the hearth), poetry, healing, childbirth, and unity, is celebrated in many European countries. Brigid was sometimes revered as a fire goddess. Brigid also protected cemeteries, which can be found at many of her holy sites. Saint Brigids feast day also coincides with Imbolc, the first day of spring and the festival day traditionally associated with the goddess Brigid. Both her father, the Dagda, and her son were killed in the fighting. Or seen as three sisters, all with the name Brigid. It was through the Dagda that Brigid had many siblings, including her brothersAengusandMidir. She founded a monastery and convent at Kildare, on the site of a shrine to the former pagan goddess. It has thus been argued that the saint is a Christianization of the goddess, or that the lore of the goddess was transferred to her. Plus being able to recite prayer becomes a ritual in and of itself. Brigid was the daughter of Dagda or the Dagda (meaning the Great God), the king and father figure of Celtic mythology. One of the more unlikely places that Brigid is venerated is in Haiti. The name Brigid means exalted one, while her most ancient Gaelic name, Breo-Saighead, means fiery power or fiery arrow. If you have neither, visit your local natural body of water and pray to her there. Seeing her name in books, online, on TV, etc. Gods and Fighting Men: the Story of the Tuatha de Danaan and the Fiana of Ireland. He survived in Arthurian legend as Twrch, a prince cursed into the form of a wild boar who is eventually hunted down by the king and his men. Giobnui was killed first, but Ruadan was gravely wounded and fell soon after. Poets were said to love her more dearly than any other god and looked to her for inspiration. Her name distinctly links her to the idea of the dawn. Brigid sometimes wore a cloak made of sunbeams. According to author Rodney Castleden, an elite class of poets known as the Filidh worshiped her as late as the tenth century AD. Like most other earth mothers, she was also linked to the primary agricultural activities of her area. [11], In her English retellings of Irish myth, Lady Augusta Gregory describes Brigit as "a woman of poetry, and poets worshipped her, for her sway was very great and very noble. Henceforth, Irish women would keen at the graves of their dead. If you can only offer her a bit of milk once a week, thats plenty. There are numerous prayers to Bride in the Carmina Gadelica. By the time of the Irish myths, Danu was no longer an active figure. Bres was born of the Fomorians on his fathers side. Imbolc is an ancient Celtic feast day originally dedicated to the Celtic Goddess Brigid that changed to Saint Brigids Day when Ireland was christianized. After the church converted the people, the goddess Brigid continued in the form of Saint Brigid. Saint Brigid went on to perform many healing miracles and came to be associated with the sacred flame. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); To learn more about the Otherworldly Oracles website Privacy Policy, visit our Privacy Policy page here. The Origin of Hotdogs, The History of Boracay Island in The Philippines. This Irish Triple Goddess may be calling to you from the sacred flame and healing springs. There is much speculation and evidence to support the idea that Saint Brigid of Christian fame is the same as the Celtic Goddess Brigid from Irish history. People around Ireland found different ways to worship her for many different reasons. She drinks rum infused with red chilis to make her breath as hot as a flame. Play traditional Irish music. Not only is she a Goddess of battle, fire, and death, but also healing, fertility, love, sacred wells, and water. On the opposite end of the spectrum, Brigid was also a goddess of the sacred flame. Further complicating matters, Brigid was a goddess of serenity and water as well. As a Catholic saint, she inspired veneration well beyond the shores of Ireland. If your web page requires an HTML link, please insert this code: Brigid Goddess: Irish Deity of Wisdom and Healing. Brigids feast day was celebrated around February 1 and was called Oimlec ( Imbolc ). For example, Brigid is an ancient Celtic Triple Goddess but is not depicted as Maiden/Mother/Crone. Today, pagans celebrate Brigid on her names day by lighting bonfires, celebrating the first day of Spring, and making traditional Brigids crosses. This indicates that Brigid may have been worshipped then, as well.
Evidence of her worship has been found throughout Ireland, reflecting her importance as a powerful, yet personal deity. This is mythology and not history. Scholars have long puzzled at the link between the two. Brigid, or Brid, was one of the foremost deities of the Irish Celtic pantheon. She appears in Irish mythology as a member of the Tuatha D Danann , the daughter of the Dagda and wife of Bres , with whom she had a son named Ruadn. She was the goddess of spring, the dawn, and fertility. Brigid is no exception to this rule. WebBrigid or Brigit (/ b r d d, b r i d / BRIJ-id, BREE-id, Irish: [bjd, bid]; meaning 'exalted one'), also Brg, is a goddess of pre-Christian Ireland. Beloved by poets, she was the master of both healing and smithing. Brigid, or Brid, was one of the foremost deities of the Irish Celtic pantheon. Celtic Deities: 10 Lesser-Known Celtic Gods and Goddesses, Triple Goddess: Maiden, Mother and Crone for Modern Practitioners, Jezebel: Ancient Queen, Pagan Priestess, and How to Work With Her. When she saw her son fighting the smith god Giobhniu, she did not want either of them to fall. Make traditional Irish fare. Despite her invention of keening, however, Brigid was not a goddess of death. Historical evidence has demonstrated that, over time, the saint took on many of the goddess attributes and sites. Some signs Brigid is calling to you include: Theres some speculation that Brigid might actually be a continuation or an aspect of the mother of the Tuatha, Danu. She may carry a lamp or candle and be accompanied by a cow, geese or ducks. Berchta, Celtic Alpine Goddess of Children and Motherhood. Brigid becomes one of the most worshiped goddesses in Western Europe, her cult and traditions integrated in pagan Scotland and the British Isles. Wm. Brigid also had a clear symbol going back to prehistory known as the Brigid Cross. Brigid is the Celtic goddess of fire, fertility, poetry, healing, craftsmanship, and blacksmithing. The three Brighids were typically treated as three aspects of a single deity, making her a classic Celtic triple goddess . Given the diversity of her attributes, Brigid was believed by many to be a triple goddess. Brigid is one of the more well-documented deities of the Celtic pantheon. This might have been a practice from the worship of the goddess Brigid that has carried over into the Christian religion now. Brigid was the wife of Bres or Eochaid. In Scottish folklore, for example, Brigid ruled over the world through the summer months until the Queen of Winter chased her back to Tir Na Nog. The Celtic goddess was also considered a mother goddess and a hearth goddess. She became an important saint in France, Scandinavia, Germany, and elsewhere. But since the goddess has so many ties with the season of spring, it is quite apt that the festival should be in honor of her. Brigid of the spring, her festival Imbolc, oversees fertility of all kinds. Brigid of Kildare. Brigid was also known as the Goddess of the Wells, due to her connection to wells and waterways. To link to this article in the text of an online publication, please use this URL: https://historycooperative.org/brigid-goddess/.
In Ireland and elsewhere, they survived in folklore as the fae but were no longer seen as divine. Read many for free online. The ancient Celtic goddess, Brigid, can be traced all the way back to Pre-Christian Ireland. These works, including the hymn We Sing a Song to Brigid, showcased the goddess many aspects. When she was not protecting mothers and newborn children, Brigid inspired many of the writers and poets for which Ireland is internationally renowned. Brigid was thought to keep them safe then and encourage the safe delivery of calves. Brigit was worshipped by the semi-sacred poetic class, the filid, who also had certain priestly functions. Webgoddess, goddess of the oak, animals, and magic. Said to have lived in the 5th century, she remains one of the most popular Catholic saints throughout Europe. iPhone History: A Timeline of Every Model in Order Though Brigids son Ruadn slew the smith-god Giobhniu, he succumbed in the battle as well. He said this fire was kept burning since Brigid's time, and it is suggested it originally belonged to a temple of Brigit the goddess. Unlike most triple goddesses in Ireland, however, all of her aspects were named Brigid. The three Brighids were typically treated as three aspects of a single deity, making her a classic Celtic triple goddess . Finally, she was thought of by many as a goddess of music and other art forms. Take your White genocidal hate elsewhere! There are numerous prayers to Saint Brigid that you can use as your own prayers to the Goddess aspect of Brigid. Matasovi, Ranko, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series no. The name comes from Proto-Celtic *Brigant and means "the high one" or "the exalted one". In mythology, Brigids protection of children grew from her inability to protect her own son. In Irish mythology, their gods and goddesses are seen not so much as the creators but as ancestors of the people. Keep reading to find out why Brigid was so well-loved in Ireland that she remains important around the world! She was synchronized with a Catholic saint of the same name, allowing people to still call on her and celebrate her feasts without offending the Church. Professional singers would perform traditional vocal laments even into the nineteenth century. In particular, she was the protectress of animals. Mason-Dixon Line She has associations with poetry, the arts, and divination. READ MORE: Ancient Civilizations Timeline: 16 Oldest Known Cultures From Around The World. Maman Brigitte reigned over life, death, fertility, cemeteries, and motherhood. And they had their own gods, goddesses, and complicated mythologies. Fire and sacred wells were equally important symbols of Brigid, who was seen as a protector first and foremost. It is very usual in pagan cultures and religions to split different aspects of one deity into different forms. Please like and share this article if you found it useful. The word very possibly came from the Old High German Burgunt or the Sanskrit Brhati which means high and was one of the titles for the Hindu goddess of the dawn, Usha. He was also a powerful chief of the Tuatha D Danann. WebPerhaps one of the most complex and contradictory Goddesses of the Celtic pantheon, Brigid can be seen as the most powerful religious figure in all of Irish history. With the Neo-pagan revival, Brigid has still retained some importance in her position as the triple deity. A goddess with depth and beauty. She represented new life, fair weather, and growth. Stemming from the Proto-Celtic wordBriganti, meaning the High One or the Exalted One, Brigid is the origin of the popular name Bridget. The three Brighids were typically treated as three aspects of a single deity, making her a classic Celtic triple goddess . Patron and Protector Brighid was the patron of poets and bards, as well as healers and magicians. She was born in the threshold of her mothers cottage at sunrise and may have been a Druids or a Picts daughter. It is said that Maman Brigitte cares for the dead more than they were ever cared for in life. Her daughter Brigid took on her role as a protective mother figure associated with the earth. From her lips came a loud lament known as keening. Brigantia, patron goddess of the Brigantes of northern Britain, is substantially the same goddess as Brigit. [2][3] This suggests she may have been a triple deity. It says she has two oxen, Fea and Femen, from whom are named Mag Fea (the plain of the River Barrow) and Mag Femin (the plain of the River Suir). WebPerhaps one of the most complex and contradictory Goddesses of the Celtic pantheon, Brigid can be seen as the most powerful religious figure in all of Irish history. She is known as the Irish Muse and as such, has a special interest in poets, musicians, bards and writers. These included: In the Celtic religion, the gods were not entirely immortal. Worshiped as a goddess of healing and as a mother goddess, her domains extended from poetry to blacksmithing and from fertility to invention. The two myths that are known about the goddess now are the stories of her birth and the death of her son. She appears primarily in the form of a maiden or a mother, depending on the tale. Though the site now belongs to St. Brigid, many still visit to seek the goddess blessing. I am the owner and chief researcher at this site. Brigids father, the Dagda, was mortally wounded and died after returning to his home. Beloved by poets, she was the master of both healing and smithing. Irish mythology mentions three goddesses of the same name: Brigid the wise or Brigid the poet, Brigid the healer, and Brigid the smith. Those seeking her blessings often asked for healing, but might also ask for protection (often for their household, children, and/or livestock) or inspiration. Wright, G. (2022, November 29). Thig an nathair as an toll The symbols that Brigid was most associated with were her wells, found all over Ireland. It is believed that Brigid tended it herself on the 20th day. The patron saint of Ireland shares many of the pagan goddesss domains. WebBrigid is worshiped worldwide as a source of inspiration, protection, and blessing. Were building the worlds most authoritative, online mythology resource, with engaging, accessible content that is both educational and compelling to read. Brigid often appeared as a fiery-haired goddess wearing a cloak of sunbeam. She is a solar deity, who once hung her mantle on a sunbeam. The ancient Celts also had rituals where an expectant mother would walk over ashes and embers, seeking the protection of Brigid for their unborn children. .mw-parser-output .verse_translation .translated{padding-left:2em!important}@media only screen and (max-width:43.75em){.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small td{display:block;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small .translated{padding-left:0.5em!important}}. The wells water was said to heal any illness or wound. And she may also be glowing brightly or have flames above her head. Brigid rushed to the battlefield to mourn her son. Brigid, or the Exalted One, was the Irish goddess of spring, fertility, and life. This was one of the earliest instruments of the Tuatha De Dannan and, although it was originally a practical tool, it evolved into a source of entertainment. People around Ireland found different ways to worship her for many different reasons. St. Brigids feast day is still on February 1st and it was popular in some areas of Ireland to leave food offerings for her as late as the 18th century. Irish myth proclaims this as the first keening or lament heard in their history. One of the cycles Brigid was associated with was that of life and death. He was also a powerful chief of the Tuatha D Danann. [2], In the late 12th century, Gerald of Wales wrote that nineteen nuns took turns keeping a perpetual fire burning at Kildare in honour of Saint Brigid. Brigid shares many of her attributes with the Christian saint of the same nameSt. [5], The goddess and saint have many of the same associations. Brigid is many things to many people. According to medievalist Pamela Berger, Christian monks "took the ancient figure of the mother goddess and grafted her name and functions onto her Christian counterpart," Brigid of Kildare. Her status as a triple goddess allowed her to have multiple husbands, parents, and children without causing contradictions in the Celtic mythos. Make a front door wash and bless your front door in her name. One of the most famous surviving legends of Ireland shows how the goddess of light influenced rituals of death. In Irish writings it was a snake, rather than a groundhog, that would emerge from its hole even if there was still snow on the ground, to foretell the weather for the rest of spring. Brigid has been Anglicized from the Old Irish Brid in multiple ways: Brigit, Brig, or Bride (from which the word bride is derived). [2][9], In Cath Maige Tuired, Brg is the wife of Bres and bears him a son, Ruadn. 1. Ancient Origins - A Tale of Two Brigids: A Celtic Goddess and a Christian Saint. Instead, they embraced the spring goddess. She is Celtic and other races WILL NOT culture appropriate Irish culture! WebBrigid is worshiped worldwide as a source of inspiration, protection, and blessing. Scholars believe she was actually three deities in one. WebBrigit is a pan Celtic goddess, who was worshipped by both the Goidelic and Brythonic Celts in the British Isles and beyond. She appears in Irish mythology as one of the most prominent goddesses and a daughter of the Dagda. Omissions? [18][19], The saint is associated with many holy wells and clootie wells in Ireland and Britain, where small strips of cloth or ribbons are left as part of a healing ritual. Brigid, however, was an exception to this. In this enticing book, Courtney Weber offers up a wide-ranging exposition and celebration of all things Brigid, who is arguably the most popular figure in Celtic mythology and religion. Cirb Brigids powerful ram was called the King of Sheep.. Stemming from the Proto-Celtic word Briganti, meaning the High One or the Exalted One, Brigid is the origin of the popular name Bridget. While the other gods of pre-Christian Ireland faded from memory or were reimagined as less powerful spirits, Brigids cult was not so easily erased. The goddess Brigids wells in Kildare and County Clare are two of the most famous well sites in all of Ireland. One of her titles is The Mary of Ireland. St. Brigids feast day falls on February 1stthe same day on which Imbolc is celebrated. The number three was sacred to the Celts for many reasons, which presented itself often in their beliefs in the gods. Otherwise known as an abbess crozier. Made of rush or grass, this geometric cross is still used across Ireland, and is often hung above the doorways of homes and businesses. So she may appear in her saintly form, depending on the situation. In addition, Brigid has been linked to other goddesses who seem to carry the same attributes including Brigantia of the Brigantes tribe of ancient Britain. While Baron Samedi and the other loa have African features, Maman Brigitte has the pale skin and bright red hair that mark her out as a goddess with Irish origins.